Category: Finance and Economics

By – Adityaa Rajarao Kondury Abstract The TDP (Telugu Desam Party)–BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party)–JSP (Jana Sena Party) coalition is actively using technology-led development as its signature differentiator to challenge the YSRCP’s welfare-centred political narrative. Following the return of N. Chandrababu Naidu, Andhra Pradesh’s data-centre roadmap has set an ambitious policy target of 200 MW of…

By — Aashita Sarin Abstract Autonomous AI agents on Moltbook reportedly developed a shared religion, authored scripture, established a governance structure, and contested authority without direct human instruction. While these events have largely been discussed through the lens of artificial intelligence, their deeper significance is legal. Existing legal doctrine, following Hart and Kelsen presumes that socially meaningful…

By – Dhruvi Solanki Abstract From photo-editing applications to car heated seats, the idea of ownership is gradually being supplanted by access. Companies from different industries have moved away from selling their products or services on a single and one-time basis to charging customers on an ongoing basis. This article attempts to understand this move…

By – Jayesh Sharma Abstract The 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill proposed expanding the Lok Sabha from 543 to 850 seats using the 2011 Census to operationalise women’s reservation, yet it introduced significant structural liabilities. This article examines those impacts, arguing that the expansion carries prohibitive fiscal opportunity costs, severe transaction costs that degrade legislative deliberation,…

By — Muskkan Talreja Abstract This article examines how India’s cashless payment revolution is shifting market power from payment infrastructure to the data and predictive intelligence generated above it. It argues that transaction data reveals actual behaviour, enabling dominant platforms to refine credit models, profile consumers and merchants, and reinforce network effects. The article thereby…

By – Suryaansh Gupta Abstract UPI is a convenient method of payment that India has now widely adopted. Payments are seamless, and are akin to cash transactions, except digital. This is significant from other digital  methods, as users are generally required to pay charges on those methods, like debit cards . UPI is unique as…

By – Dhruvi Solanki Abstract Pre-election cash transfer programs have come to characterize West Bengal’s political economy. With the 2026 Assembly elections in sight, the state government increased its signature scheme, Lakshmir Bhandar, and introduced new allowances just weeks after the elections despite rising revenue deficits, mounting debt, and interest payments. This article seeks to…

By – Harshi Upadhyay Abstract Nations rarely fail because they lack ambition. They fail when ambitious policies begin competing for resources that no longer exist in abundance. India’s simultaneous pursuit of AI infrastructure and ethanol expansion reveals precisely such a conflict. Beneath two widely celebrated development  strategies lies a shared dependence on freshwater, a resource…

By – Adityaa Kondury Abstract This article takes a look at how India’s retail e-Rupee pilot has successfully integrated 17 participating banks with over 60 lakh registered users, and INR 1,016 crore in circulation efficiently. It argues how this  is a big achievement in the space of Programmable CBDCs (Central Bank Digital Currency), which is…

By – Harshi Upadhyay  Abstract In October of 2018, India unveiled the Statue of Unity as the world’s tallest statue built at a cost of roughly 3,000 crores. The conversation around it is often framed in the past tense. Seven years later the statue doesn’t just remain a questionable call in 2018, it’s an ongoing…

By – Suryaansh Gupta  Abstract The Mumbai Ahmedabad High Speed Rail Project is a crucial infrastructural leap in India’s independent history. A country dominated by trains running with an average speed of less than 80 kilometres per hour which has initially attempted to upgrade to Vande Bharat trains capable of running at upto 180 kilometres…

By — Jayesh Sharma Abstract Can a government actually build a successful city from scratch simply by throwing massive capital at it? Historically, states have routinely tried to construct master planned cities to jumpstart regional economies, ease population pressures, or project geopolitical power. This article uses Indonesia’s new capital, Nusantara, to evaluate the mechanics of…