The Indian government has an ambitious plan of establishing four new high-speed rail corridors under the National Rail Plan by 2031. NHSRCL, the implementing agency, has recently invited bids for preparing detailed project reports for these routes. However, the success of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad corridor, currently under construction, strongly determines the implementation of further HSR corridors. Therefore, the focus of this article is to examine the economic feasibility and environmental impact of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad corridor in India.